Google Chrome "Managed by your organization" when you don't have an organization?

Starting with Chrome 73 when one or more policies are set in the Chrome Browser you'll see "Managed by your organization" at the bottom of the 3-dots menu and at the top of your Chrome Settings screen.   I'm posting this because, first of all I posted it as an answer on Googles support forums and it's pretty clear from the many confused, freaked out, wrong answer posts after that nobody there actually read it; and  Google's official answer isn't terribly useful.  For starters they don't tell you how to clear it.  The links in their answer also aren't helpful if you're a HOME USER who isn't using a Chromebook or your company's G Suite or an organization's computer.  I'm going to tell you below how to get rid of this notice and take control of your browser.

This notice is normal if you're in an enterprise setting like a business or a school where the IT Department is managing the browser capabilities or if you use G Suite for business and you're logged into an account associated with G Suite.

However it's disturbing to suddenly see it when you're using your private computer at home with your personal account!  If you're using Chrome on your personal computer and saw this "Managed by your organization" appear don't worry, it *probably* doesn't mean anyone hijacked control of your browser.

I say "probably" because there are malware and malicious extensions out there that can reset your home page and/or search engine and they do this by creating Chrome Policies, which will trigger the "Managed by your organization" notice. Allowing an extension to run in or even trying to print from "Incognito Mode" can potentially trigger this, but will persist even when you're back in a normal browsing window.

Deleting accounts or profiles or creating new ones won't get rid of it.   Uninstalling and reinstalling Chrome doesn't work.  It might initially seem like it got rid of it, only to have it show up again.  You may have read somewhere that chrome://flags/#show-managed-ui  will fix it.  That just HIDES the notice, it doesn't change any of the managed policies.

Policies apply to ALL users and are set in the operating system not the browser. Unless you're using a Chromebook, then it's managed in the Google Admin Console and applied through your Chrome Profile.  This image explains how it works (image is a link to the Google page about it):

First see what policies are being set and by what by typing in:

chrome://policy

At the top are the "Chrome Policies" set administratively. If under "Applies to" it says "Machine" and the "Source" says "Platform" those are policies that were set ON your computer, they are NOT being managed remotely by Google or nefarious parties unknown.

If there are any extensions setting policies you can simply remove the extensions. Though some extensions NEED to set policies in order to work, for example password managers. That's why it's important to learn what policies they're setting and why.

MAC

On Mac this is pretty easy. You don't even need an Administrative level account.

1. Write down each "Policy name" (they're case-sensitive)
2. Quit out of Chrome entirely
3. Got to Applications → Utilities → Terminal
4. In the terminal type the following for each Policy Name (example is "HomepageLocation"):

defaults delete com.google.Chrome HomepageLocation
Hit enter. Do this for each Policy Name until they've all been deleted.

5. Restart Chrome. If you did it right the "Managed by your organization" at the bottom of the 3-dots menu should be gone. You can double-check by going back to chrome://policy which should be empty of policies now.

Note that if you miss or leave even ONE you will continue to see the "Managed by" notice.

WINDOWS

Windows has tools you can download a fixer app:

Chrome Policy Remover: https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=0B5uG-tHNHBj5XzNJbzlsd0NONnc

You can also do the fix manually by deleting a registry entry:

\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Google\Chrome
or
\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Policies\Google\Chrome

Then run the Chrome Cleanup Tool:
1. Open Chrome
2. Go to the 3-dot menu and "Settings"
3. Click "Advanced" at the bottom of the Settings page.
4. Under "Reset and clean up" click "Clean up computer"
5. Click "Find"
6. If you're asked to remove unwanted software click "Remove"

Linux

It uses a JSON file to set user, rather than group, policies for the browser.  It's rather complicated.  Here's the Chromium Project page explaining it: http://dev.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/enterprise/adding-new-policies

Ultimately if you know they're being set at the operating system level (and if you're not on a Chromebook they will be) and you have administrative privileges on the computer (which you probably do if you own it) then YOU are the "organization" that is managing these policies.

Character Model Reference Sizes

If you're trying to make 3D character models from scratch it is helpful to know the actual dimensions of real humans.  One of the best resources for this information that I've found are the dimensions for the Alvanon Forms.

Alvanon is a company that makes and sells dress forms (aka "dressmaker's dummies") for the fashion and apparel industries.  They also do extensive research on the dimensions of actual human beings, both adults and children, all around the world.  They do sell 3D model services, but they are very expensive and geared exclusively toward their target industries.  In other words, you can't buy one of their standard male or female models to use as a posing dummy in Clip Studio Paint or as a base in your 3D modeling software.

But they do have a massive amount of data on human dimensions you can use as a starting point.  On their website there are PDF product data sheets for each of their many dress forms:

https://alvanon.com/resources/alvaform-manual/

If you go to the last page of each of those product data sheets you'll find all the dimensions for the dress forms in both inches and centimeters in a chart like this:

You can glean the dimensions you need from there.  In this sample it is for six men's UK clothing sizes, but what are useful are measurements such as the Total Height, Inseam, Across Shoulder, etc.

Of course it's helpful to know how they arrive at those measurements so you'll also want to check out the Measurement Specifications documents:

https://alvanon.com/resources/alvaform-measurements-specs/

Which have useful charts like this inside:

Universities are also doing this kind of work for other industries.  For example, here is a 2018 survey published by the University of Malaysia Engineering Department which gathered anthropometric data on Malaysian, Thai, Filipino, and Indonesian men and women:

https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/sadh/043/01/0010 (PDF file)

I took a bunch of data from various sources (including the CDC, EU, the Malaysian survey mentioned above, an architectural design website, etc.) and put it all in a spreadsheet to get these "Average Human" dimensions:

           AVERAGE HUMAN DIMENSIONS
================================================
                   MALE     FEMALE    AVERAGE

HEIGHT             1715mm   1588mm    1651mm
EYE HEIGHT         1599mm   1478mm    1538mm
SHOULDER HEIGHT    1411mm   1302mm    1357mm
SHOULDER BREADTH    418mm    382mm     400mm
ELBOW HEIGHT       1072mm    991mm    1032mm
HAND LENGTH         189mm    174mm     181mm
HAND BREADTH         77mm     76mm      76mm
REACH UPWARDS      1724mm   1540mm    1632mm
LOW HIP WIDTH       376mm    382mm     379mm
WEIGHT               77kg   62.5kg    69.7kg
------------------------------------------------

The data sets were based on the geographic location of wherever the particular study was being done, with no break-down by race or ethnicity, just male and female.  So it's probably not as globally encompassing as it could be.

In addition to the apparel and fashion industries, knowing these numbers could be useful to engineers, architects, furniture designers, industrial designers, and probably video game, 3D animation, and other artists who work with or from 3D character models.